ImportMaster १०:०७, १४ अप्रैल २०२२ पर

2022-04-14T10:07:01Z

नया पन्ना

{{Infobox language
| name = अरबी
| nativename = {{rtl-lang|ar|اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ}} ''{{transl|ar|ALA|अल अरबिय्याह}}''
| pronunciation = {{IPA|/ˈʕarabiː/}}, {{IPA|/alʕaraˈbijːa/}}
| states = अरब लीग के देसन मे, पड़ोस के देसन आ एशिया, अफ्रिका आ युरोप के कुछ भागन मे अल्पसंख्यक भासा
| ethnicity = [[Arabs]], [[Arab-Berber]]s, [[Afro-Arab]]s, among others
| speakers = {{sigfig|313|2}} million, all varieties
| date = 2011–2016
| ref = <ref name=e21>{{cite web|title=Arabic – Ethnologue|url=//www.ethnologue.com/language/ara|website=Ethnologue|publisher=Simons, Gary F. and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2018. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 21st edition|access-date=21 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105171142/https://www.ethnologue.com/language/ara|archive-date=5 January 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
| speakers2 = {{sigfig|274|2}} million [[L2 speakers]] of Standard (Modern) Arabic<ref name=e21/>
| familycolor = Afro-Asiatic
| fam2 = [[Semitic languages|Semitic]]
| fam3 = [[West Semitic languages|West Semitic]]
| fam4 = [[Central Semitic languages|Central Semitic]]
| fam5 = [[Classification of Arabic languages|North Arabian]]
| dia1 = [[Maghrebi Arabic|Western (Maghrebi)]]
| dia2 = [[Varieties of Arabic#Northern varieties|Northern]] ([[Egyptian Arabic|Egyptian]], [[Mesopotamian Arabic|Mesopotamian]], [[Levantine Arabic|Levantine]])
| dia3 = [[Varieties of Arabic#Southern varieties|Southern]] ([[Peninsular Arabic|Peninsular]] [[Gulf Arabic|Gulf]], [[Hejazi Arabic|Hejazi]], [[Najdi Arabic|Najdi]] and [[Yemeni Arabic|Yemeni]])
| stand1 = [[Modern Standard Arabic]]
| script = •[[Arabic Alphabet]] •[[Arabic Braille]] •[[Arabizi]]
| nation =
{{Collapsible list | titlestyle = font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left; | title = [[List of countries where Arabic is an official language|26 states]]|
|{{flag|Algeria}}
|{{flag|Bahrain}}
|{{flag|Comoros}}
|{{flag|Chad}}
|{{flag|Djibouti}}
|{{flag|Egypt}}
|{{flag|Iraq}}
|{{flag|Jordan}}
|{{flag|Kuwait}}
|{{flag|Lebanon}}
|{{flag|Libya}}
|{{flag|Mauritania}}
|{{flag|Morocco}}
|{{flag|Oman}}
|{{flag|Palestine}}
|{{flag|Qatar}}
|{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}
|{{flag|Somalia}}
|{{flag|Somaliland}} (disputed territory)
|{{flag|Sudan}}
|{{flag|Syria}}
|{{flag|Tunisia}}
|{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}
|{{flag|Yemen}}
|{{flag|Zanzibar}} ([[Tanzania]])
|{{flag|Western Sahara}} (disputed territory)
}}
{{Collapsible list | titlestyle = font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left; | title ='''International Organizations'''|
|{{flag|African Union}}
|{{flag|Arab League}}
|{{flag|Organisation of Islamic Cooperation}}
|{{flag|United Nations}}
}}
| minority = {{collapsible list
|{{flag|Brunei}}
|{{flag|Ceuta}}
|{{flag|Cyprus}}
|{{flag|Eritrea}}
|{{flag|Indonesia}}
|{{flag|Israel}}<ref name="israelbasiclaw">{{cite web|url=https://knesset.gov.il/laws/special/eng/BasicLawNationState.pdf|title=Basic Law: Israel - The Nation State of the Jewish People
|date=2018-07-19|publisher=Knesset|access-date=2021-01-13}}</ref>
|{{flag|Mali}}
|{{flag|Melilla}}
|{{flag|Niger}}
|{{flag|Pakistan}}
|{{flag|Philippines}}
|{{flag|Senegal}}
|{{flag|South Africa}}
|{{flag|South Sudan}}
}}
| agency = {{collapsible list
|
*[[Arabic Language International Council]]
*[[Algeria]]: [[Supreme Council of the Arabic language in Algeria]]
*[[Egypt]]: Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo
*[[Israel]]: [[Academy of the Arabic Language in Israel]]
*[[Iraq]]: [[Iraqi Academy of Sciences]]
*[[Jordan]]: [[Jordan Academy of Arabic]]
*[[Libya]]: Academy of the Arabic Language in Jamahiriya
*[[Morocco]]: Academy of the Arabic Language in Rabat
*[[Saudi Arabia]]: Academy of the Arabic Language in Riyadh
*[[Somalia]]: Academy of the Arabic Language in Mogadishu
*[[Sudan]]: Academy of the Arabic Language in Khartoum
*[[Syria]]: [[Arab Academy of Damascus]] (the oldest)
*[[Tunisia]]: [[Tunisian Academy of Sciences, Letters, and Arts|Beit Al-Hikma Foundation]]
}}
| iso1 = ar
| iso2 = ara
| iso3 = ara
| lc1 = arq
| ld1 = [[Algerian Arabic]]
| lc2 = aao
| ld2 = [[Algerian Saharan Arabic]]
| lc3 = xaa
| ld3 = [[Andalusian Arabic]]
| lc4 = bbz
| ld4 = [[Babalia Creole Arabic]]
| lc5 = abv
| ld5 = [[Baharna Arabic]]
| lc6 = shu
| ld6 = [[Chadian Arabic]]
| lc7 = acy
| ld7 = [[Cypriot Arabic]]
| lc8 = adf
| ld8 = [[Dhofari Arabic]]
| lc9 = avl
| ld9 = [[Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Arabic]]
| lc10 = arz
| ld10 = [[Egyptian Arabic]]
| lc11 = afb
| ld11 = [[Gulf Arabic]]
| lc12 = ayh
| ld12 = [[Hadrami Arabic]]
| lc13 = acw
| ld13 = [[Hijazi Arabic]]
| lc14 = ayl
| ld14 = [[Libyan Arabic]]
| lc15 = acm
| ld15 = [[Mesopotamian Arabic]]
| lc16 = ary
| ld16 = [[Moroccan Arabic]]
| lc17 = ars
| ld17 = [[Najdi Arabic]]
| lc18 = apc
| ld18 = [[North Levantine Arabic]]
| lc19 = ayp
| ld19 = [[North Mesopotamian Arabic]]
| lc20 = acx
| ld20 = [[Omani Arabic]]
| lc21 = aec
| ld21 = [[Saidi Arabic]]
| lc22 = ayn
| ld22 = [[Sanaani Arabic]]
| lc23 = ssh
| ld23 = [[Shihhi Arabic]]
| lc24 = sqr
| ld24 = [[Siculo Arabic]]
| lc25 = ajp
| ld25 = [[South Levantine Arabic]]
| lc26 = arb
| ld26 = [[Standard Arabic]]
| lc27 = apd
| ld27 = [[Sudanese Arabic]]
| lc28 = pga
| ld28 = [[Sudanese Creole Arabic]]
| lc29 = acq
| ld29 = [[Taizzi-Adeni Arabic]]
| lc30 = abh
| ld30 = [[Tajiki Arabic]]
| lc31 = aeb
| ld31 = [[Tunisian Arabic]]
| lc32 = auz
| ld32 = [[Uzbeki Arabic]]
| lingua = 12-AAC
| image = Arabic albayancalligraphy.svg
| imagesize = 150px
| imagecaption = '''{{transl|ar|अल अरबिय्याह}}''' in written Arabic ([[Naskh (script)|Naskh script]])
| map = Arabic Dispersion.svg
| mapcaption = Dispersion of native Arabic speakers as the majority (dark green) or minority (light green) population
| map2 = Arabic speaking world.svg
| mapcaption2 = Use of Arabic as the national language (green), as an official language (dark blue) and as a regional/minority language (light blue)
| notice = IPA
| protoname = [[Proto-Arabic]] [[Old Arabic]] [[Old Hijazi]] [[Classical Arabic]]
| sign = Signed Arabic (different national forms)
| glotto = arab1395
| glottorefname = Arabic
}}

'''अरबी''' ({{lang|ar|links=no|اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ}}; अल अरबिय्याह) सामी भासा परिवार के एगो भासा हऽ।<ref name="Stefan Weninger 2011">Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011.</ref> ई अरब के [[लिंगुआ फ्रैंका|संपर्क भासा]] हऽ।<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.academia.edu/18470301|title=Al-Jallad. The earliest stages of Arabic and its linguistic classification (Routledge Handbook of Arabic Linguistics, forthcoming)|access-date=2016-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023221343/http://www.academia.edu/18470301/Al-Jallad._The_earliest_stages_of_Arabic_and_its_linguistic_classification_Routledge_Handbook_of_Arabic_Linguistics_forthcoming_|archive-date=23 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> एकर नांव अरब लोग के नांव प पड़ल बा। प्राचीन यूनान के लोग, अरब शब्द के प्रयोग ऊ जगह प रहे वला लोग बदे करत रहे, जवन पक्खिम मे पुरबी मिस्र, पूरब मे मेसोपोटेमिया, उत्तर मे लेबनान पर्वतमाला आ आ सीरिया से घेराइल रहे।<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Macdonald|first=Michael C. A.|title=Arabians, Arabias, and the Greeks_Contact and Perceptions|pages=16–17|url=https://www.academia.edu/4593009|language=en}}</ref> [[अंतर्राष्ट्रीय मानकीकरण संस्था]] अरबी भाषा के, मानक रूप "आधुनिक मानक अरबी" संगे ओकर तीस गो रूपन के अलग अलग कोड दिहले बा।<ref name="www-01.sil.org">{{cite web|title=Documentation for ISO 639 identifier: ara|url=http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=ara|access-date=20 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211429/http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=ara|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> आधुनिक मानक अरबी के साहित्यिक अरबी कहल जाला काहे की ऊ पुरान अरबी के आधुनिक रूप हऽ।

==सन्दर्भ==

अरबी भाषा - बदलाव इतिहास

ImportMaster १०:०७, १४ अप्रैल २०२२ पर