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<p><b>नया पन्ना</b></p><div>{{Infobox mineral<br />
| name = क्वार्ट्ज<br><small>स्फटिक</small><br />
| category = ऑक्साइड खनिज<ref name=Mindat/><ref>[https://www.mineralienatlas.de/lexikon/index.php/MineralData?mineral=Quartz Quartz page on Mineralien Atlas]</ref><!-- Seems only the Dana system still classes it as tectosilicate - Strunz, Hey, Lapis and Hölzel class as oxide --><br />
| boxbgcolor = #7da7d9<br />
| image = Quartz, Tibet.jpg<br />
| imagesize = <br />
| caption = तिब्बत से मिलल एगो क्वार्ट्ज के क्रिस्टल<br />
| formula = SiO<sub>2</sub><br />
| molwieght = {{chem molar mass|Si=1|O=2}}<br />
| strunz = 4.DA.05 (ऑक्साइड)<br />
| dana = 75.01.03.01 (टेक्टोसिलिकेट)<br />
| system = α-quartz: ट्राईगोनल <br/>β-quartz: हेक्सागोनल<br />
| class = α-quartz: trapezohedral (class 3 2); β-quartz: trapezohedral (class 6 2 2)<ref name=Deer>Deer, W. A., R. A. Howie and J. Zussman, ''An Introduction to the Rock Forming Minerals'', Logman, 1966, pp. 340–355 {{ISBN|0-582-44210-9}}</ref><br />
| unit cell = a = 4.9133 [[एंगस्ट्रोम|Å]], c = 5.4053 Å; Z=3<br />
| color = Colorless through various colors to black<br />
| habit = 6-sided prism ending in 6-sided pyramid (typical), drusy, fine-grained to microcrystalline, massive<br />
| twinning = Common Dauphine law, Brazil law and Japan law<br />
| cleavage = {0110} Indistinct<br />
| fracture = Conchoidal<br />
| tenacity = Brittle<br />
| mohs = 7&nbsp;– lower in impure varieties (defining mineral)<br />
| luster = Vitreous&nbsp;– waxy to dull when massive<br />
| refractive = n<sub>ω</sub> = 1.543–1.545 <br/>n<sub>ε</sub> = 1.552–1.554<br />
| opticalprop = Uniaxial (+)<br />
| birefringence = +0.009 (B-G interval)<br />
| pleochroism = None<br />
| streak = White<br />
| gravity = 2.65; variable 2.59–2.63 in impure varieties<br />
| density =<br />
| melt = 1670 °C (β tridymite) 1713 °C (β cristobalite)<ref name=Deer/><br />
| fusibility =<br />
| diagnostic =<br />
| solubility = Insoluble at STP; 1&nbsp;ppm<sub>mass</sub> at 400&nbsp;°C and 500 lb/in<sup>2</sup> to 2600&nbsp;ppm<sub>mass</sub> at 500&nbsp;°C and 1500 lb/in<sup>2</sup><ref name=Deer/><br />
| diaphaneity = Transparent to nearly opaque<br />
| other = lattice: hexagonal, Piezoelectric, may be triboluminescent, chiral (hence optically active if not racemic)<br />
| references = <ref name=Mindat>[http://www.mindat.org/min-3337.html Quartz] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051214053641/http://www.mindat.org/min-3337.html |date=14 December 2005 }}. Mindat.org. Retrieved 2013-03-07.</ref><ref name=Handbook>{{cite book |editor1=Anthony, John W. |editor2=Bideaux, Richard A. |editor3=Bladh, Kenneth W. |editor4=Nichols, Monte C. |title=Handbook of Mineralogy |publisher=Mineralogical Society of America |place=Chantilly, VA, US |chapter-url=http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/quartz.pdf |chapter=Quartz |isbn=0962209724 |volume=III (Halides, Hydroxides, Oxides) |access-date=21 October 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100401032832/http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/quartz.pdf |archive-date=1 April 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Webmin>[http://www.webmineral.com/data/Quartz.shtml Quartz] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061112152609/http://webmineral.com/data/Quartz.shtml |date=12 November 2006 }}. Webmineral.com. Retrieved 2013-03-07.</ref><ref name=Klein>{{cite book|author1=Hurlbut, Cornelius S.|author2=Klein, Cornelis|year=1985|title=Manual of Mineralogy|edition=20|isbn=0-471-80580-7|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/manualofmineralo00klei}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
'''स्फटिक''' चाहे '''क्वार्ट्ज''' ({{Lang-en|Quartz}}, ''क्वार्ट्ज'') एगो खनिज हवे जे सिलिकन आ ऑक्सीजन के परमाणु सब से बनल होला आ एकर रचना SiO<sub>4</sub> के रूप में होले अउरी ई सिलिकन-आक्सीजन के संरचना टेट्राहेड्रल क्रिस्टल के रूप में होखे ला जहाँ हर आक्सीजन अणु दू गो टेट्राहेड्रल द्वारा साझा कइल गइल होखे ला। एह तरीका से एकर रासायनिक फार्मूला सिलिकन डाइऑक्साइड (SiO<sub>2</sub>) के रूप में होखे ला। क्वार्ट्ज एह धरती के ऊपरी परत, क्रस्ट, पर पावल जाए वाला खनिज सभ में दुसरा सभसे बहुतायत से मिले वाला खनिज हवे आ ई एह मामिला में [[फेल्सपर]] भर से पीछे बा।<ref>{{cite book |first1=Robert S. |last1=Anderson |first2=Suzanne P. |last2=Anderson |title=Geomorphology: The Mechanics and Chemistry of Landscapes |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2010 |page=187|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hDt5A2-km_wC|isbn=978-1-139-78870-0}}</ref><br />
<br />
{{clear}}<br />
==संदर्भ==<br />
{{Reflist|33em}}<br />
<br />
[[श्रेणी:खनिज]]<br />
<br />
{{geology-stub}}</div>ImportMaster