English: Note: This was the traditional map of the Maurya Empire at it's maximum extent, as a solid-mass of Maurya-controlled territory. Historians are now arguing that the Maurya Empire did not include large parts of India, which were controlled by autonomous tribes. For such a map, see File:Maurya Empire, c.250 BCE.png.

Boundaries are based on Charles Joppen Historical Atlas of India (1907), see File:India_in_250_B._C.jpg.

Other Sources:

• Keay, John (2000). India, a History. New York, United States: Harper Collins Publishers. ISBN 0-00-638784-5.
• Kulke, H.; Rothermund, D. (2004), A History of India, 4th, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-32920-0
• Schwartzberg, J. E. (1992), A Historical Atlas of South Asia: University of Oxford Press
• Background from http://www2.demis.nl/mapserver/mapper.asp
• Made with GIMP
• See also: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Edicts_of_Ashoka

Other sources:

• Grainger, John D. (1990, 2014). Seleukos Nikator: Constructing a Hellenistic Kingdom. Routledge.
• Keay, John (2000). India, a History. New York: Harper Collins Publishers.
• Kulke, H.; Rothermund, D. (2004). A History of India, 4th, Routledge.
• Puri, Baji Nath (1996). Buddhism in Central Asia. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
• Raychaudhuri, H. C.; Mukherjee, B. N. (1996). Political History of Ancient India: From the Accession of Parikshit to the Extinction of the Gupta Dynasty. Oxford University Press.
• Stein, Burton (1998). A History of India (1st ed.), Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.

Notes:

• Sri Lanka and the southernmost parts of India (modern Tamil Nadu and Kerala) remained independent, despite the diplomacy and cultural influence of their larger neighbor to the north (Schwartzberg 1992, p. 18; Kulke & Rothermund 2004, p. 68).
• The account of Strabo indicates that the western-most territory of the empire extended from the southeastern Hindu Kush, through the region of Kandahar, to coastal Baluchistan south of that (Raychaudhuri & Mukherjee 1996, p. 594).
• The claim that Aria/Herat was one of the provinces (alongside Arachosia, Gedrosia, and Paropamisadae) ceded by Seleucus to Chandragupta Maurya is often repeated, but Aria (modern Herat) "has been wrongly included in the list of ceded satrapies by some scholars [...] on the basis of wrong assessments of the passage of Strabo [...] and a statement by Pliny." (Raychaudhuri & Mukherjee 1996, p. 594). Seleucus "must [...] have held Aria", and furthermore, his "son Antiochos was active there fifteen years later." (Grainger 2014, p. 109).
• "The region of Aria is definitely known to have been Seleucid under Seleucus I and Antiochus I as it definitely was after Antiochus III's great campaign in the east against the Parthians and Bactrians. [...] There is no evidence whatever that it did not remain Seleucid, like Drangiana, with which it is linked by easy routes." -Susan M. Sherwin-White and Amélie Kuhrt (1993) From Samarkhand to Sardis: A New Approach to the Seleucid Empire, University of California Press, pp.79-80.
• It is recorded that Drangiana province continued to be in the Seleucids' hands, as per [1].
• "Desert of Gedrosia [...] was left an unclaimed wilderness." —Kosmin, Paul J. (2014), The Land of the Elephant Kings Space, Territory, and Ideology in the Seleucid Empire, Harvard University Press, p.16
• Schwartzberg (p. 18) speculates about the Buddhist culture and Kharosthi inscriptions/manuscripts found in Khotan, but these texts from Khotan, Turfan, and Tajikstan have all been shown to be later than the 1st century BCE (Puri, p. 185).