English: A bustling city 160km south-west of state capital of Bihar,India —is famous for production of stone chips, and for quarrying industry situated on the Grand Trunk Road (NH-2) and is the headquarter of Rohtas district. The town was originally known as Shah Serai, शाहसराय (resting place of King).

. Sasaram is the birthplace of the Afghan king Sher Shah Suri, a warrior who defeated Mughal king Humayun in 1540 AD and ascended the throne of Delhi. Apart from a skillful civil administrator, he had a shrewd political foresight. He enforced many administrative reforms in taxation and local area management. He established law and order across the length and breadth of his empire and fostered trade and commerce. Many of his reforms were later followed by Mughal rulers and British administrators. . Sher Shah restored the old imperial road called the Grant Trunk Road running from Dhaka to Peshawar, built a road from Agra to Jodhpur and Chittor linking it up with the roads to Gujarat seaports. He also built a road from Lahore to Multan. All these roads had a good number of sarais. He is also credited with introduction of the currency called Rupiyah and organized a systematic postal service. .

The Old fort (Purana Qila) of Delhi and the mosque within it known for its lavishness of decoration was built by him. His most outstanding architectural contribution was the construction of his own tomb at Sasaram. The tomb is regarded as one of the noblest specimens of Afghan architecture in India